High Frequency of Cryptosporidium hominis Infecting Infants Points to A Potential Anthroponotic Transmission in Maputo, Mozambique

Pathogens

Hermínio Cossa¹  EsperançaLourenço Guimarães²  Marta Cassocera²  LenaVânia Manhique-Coutinho²  Idalécia Cossa-Moiane²  AdilsonFernando Loforte Bauhofer²  Jorfélia Chilaúle²  Assucênio Chissaque²  JerónimoSouzinho Langa²  Miguel Bambo²  Júlia Sambo²  DiocrecianoMatias Bero²  Elda Anapakala²  Nilsa de Deus²  LuisAntónio Lopes-Oliveira³  AldaMaria Da-Cruz³  Maria Fantinatti³ 

[1] Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Unidade de Pesquisa Social, Manhiça Foundation (Fundação Manhiça, FM), Manhiça 1929, Mozambique;Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), EN1, Bairro da Vila–Parcela n° 3943, Distrito de Marracuene, Maputo 264, Mozambique;Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 22040-360, Brazil;

关键词: acute diarrhea;    Cryptosporidium;    children;    risk factor;    Mozambique;   

DOI  :  10.3390/pathogens10030293

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Cryptosporidium is one of the most important causes of diarrhea in children less than 2 years of age. In this study, we report the frequency, risk factors and species of Cryptosporidium detected by molecular diagnostic methods in children admitted to two public hospitals in Maputo City, Mozambique. We studied 319 patients under the age of five years who were admitted due to diarrhea between April 2015 and February 2016. Single stool samples were examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts, microscopically by using a Modified Ziehl–Neelsen (mZN) staining method and by using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique using 18S ribosomal RNA gene as a target. Overall, 57.7% (184/319) were males, the median age (Interquartile range, IQR) was 11.0 (7–15) months. Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were detected in 11.0% (35/319) by microscopy and in 35.4% (68/192) using PCR-RFLP. The most affected age group were children older than two years, [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 5.861; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.532–22.417; p-value < 0.05]. Children with illiterate caregivers had higher risk of infection (aOR: 1.688; 95% CI: 1.001–2.845; p-value < 0.05). An anthroponotic species C. hominis was found in 93.0% (27/29) of samples. Our findings demonstrated that cryptosporidiosis in children with diarrhea might be caused by anthroponomic transmission.

【 授权许可】

Unknown