A Comprehensive Electric Vehicle Model for Vehicle-to-Grid Strategy Development

Energies

Till Wilmschen¹  Felix Hildenbrand¹  Philipp Dechent¹  Elias Barbers¹  Ahmed Chahbaz¹  Dirk Uwe Sauer¹  Matthias Kuipers¹  Jan Figgener¹  Fabian Rücker¹  Ilka Schoeneberger¹ 

[1] Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems, Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives (ISEA), RWTH Aachen, Jägerstr. 17-19, 52066 Aachen, Germany;

关键词: electric vehicle;    battery components;    calendar aging;    cycle aging;    battery model;    liquid cooling;   

DOI  :  10.3390/en15124186

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

A comprehensive electric vehicle model is developed to characterize the behavior of the Smart e.d. (2013) while driving, charging and providing vehicle-to-grid services. To facilitate vehicle-to-grid strategy development, the EV model is completed with the measurement of the on-board charger efficiency and the charging control behavior upon external set-point request via IEC 61851-1. The battery model is an electro-thermal model with a dual polarization equivalent circuit electrical model coupled with a lumped thermal model with active liquid cooling. The aging trend of the EV’s 50 Ah large format pouch cell with NMC chemistry is evaluated via accelerated aging tests in the laboratory. Performance of the model is validated using laboratory pack tests, charging and driving field data. The RMSE of the cell voltage was between $18.49$ $\mathrm{m}$$\mathrm{V}$ and $67.17$ $\mathrm{m}$$\mathrm{V}$ per cell for the validation profiles. Cells stored at 100% SOC and 40 °C reached end-of-life (80% of initial capacity) after 431–589 days. The end-of-life for a cell cycled with 80% DOD around an SOC of 50% is reached after 3634 equivalent full cycles which equates to a driving distance of over 420,000 $\mathrm{k}$$\mathrm{m}$. The full parameter set of the model is provided to serve as a resource for vehicle-to-grid strategy development.

【 授权许可】

Unknown