Mapping ongoing nutrition intervention trials in muscle, sarcopenia, and cachexia: a scoping review of future research

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Barbara S. van derMeij¹  Merran Findlay²  Francesco Landi³  Marian A. E. de van derSchueren⁴  Alessandro Laviano⁵  Camila E. Orsso⁶  Carla M. Prado⁶  Montserrat Montes‐Ibarra⁶ 

[1] Bond University Nutrition and Dietetics Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University Gold Coast Queensland Australia;Cancer Services Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown New South Wales Australia;Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopaedics Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Rome Italy;Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Lifestyle, School of Allied Health HAN University of Applied Sciences Nijmegen The Netherlands;Department of Translational and Precision Medicine Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy;Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada;

关键词: Clinical trials;    Nutrition intervention;    Muscle;    Sarcopenia;    Cachexia;    Dietary intervention;   

DOI  :  10.1002/jcsm.12954

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Muscle loss alone, or in the context of sarcopenia or cachexia, is a prevalent condition and a predictor of negative outcomes in aging and disease. As adequate nutrition is essential for muscle maintenance, a growing number of studies has been conducted to explore the role of specific nutrients on muscle mass or function. Nonetheless, more research is needed to guide evidence‐based recommendations. This scoping review aimed to compile and document ongoing clinical trials investigating nutrition interventions as a strategy to prevent or treat low muscle mass or function (strength and physical performance), sarcopenia, or cachexia. ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched up to 21 April 2021 for planned and ongoing trials. Randomized controlled trials with ≥20 participants per arm were included based on intent to explore the effects of nutrition interventions on muscle‐related outcomes (i.e. muscle mass or strength, physical performance, or muscle synthesis rate) in both clinical and non‐clinical conditions (i.e. aging). Two reviewers independently screened records for eligibility, and a descriptive synthesis of trials characteristics was conducted. A total of 113 trials were included in the review. Most trials (69.0%) enroll adults with clinical conditions, such as cancer (19.5%), obesity and metabolic diseases (16.8%), and musculoskeletal diseases (10.7%). The effects of nutrition interventions on age‐related muscle loss are explored in 31% of trials. Although nutrition interventions of varied types were identified, food supplements alone (48.7%) or combined with dietary advice (11.5%) are most frequently reported. Protein (17.7%), amino acids (10.6%), and β‐hydroxy‐β‐methylbutyrate (HMB, 6.2%) are the top three food supplements' nutrients under investigation. Primary outcome of most trials (54.9%) consists of measures of muscle mass alone or in combination with muscle strength and/or performance (as either primary or secondary outcomes). Muscle strength and physical performance are primary outcomes of 38% and 31.9% of the trials, respectively. These measurements were obtained using a variety of techniques. Only a few trials evaluate muscle synthesis rate either as a primary or secondary outcome (5.3%). Several nutrition studies focusing on muscle, sarcopenia, and cachexia are underway and can inform future research in this area. Although many trials have similar type of interventions, methodological heterogeneity may challenge study comparisons, and future meta‐analyses aiming to provide evidence‐based recommendations. Upcoming research in this area may benefit from guidelines for the assessment of therapeutic effects of nutrition interventions.

【 授权许可】

Unknown