Maternal Socioeconomic Factors and Racial/Ethnic Differences in Neonatal Anthropometry

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Aiyi Liu¹  RogerB. Newman²  Alaina Bever³  KatherineL. Grantz³  JessicaL. Gleason³  SarahJ. Pugh³  Fasil Tekola-Ayele³  Calvin Lambert³  WilliamA. Grobman⁴  Deborah Wing⁵  NicoleM. Gerlanc⁶ 

[1] Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;Irvine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of California, Orange, CA 92697, USA;The Prospective Group, Arlington, VA 22209, USA;

关键词: abdominal circumference;    biparietal diameter;    birthweight;    disparities;    fetal growth;    head circumference;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijerph17197323

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Disparities in birthweight by maternal race/ethnicity are commonly observed. It is unclear to what extent these disparities are correlates of individual socioeconomic factors. In a prospective cohort of 1645 low-risk singleton pregnancies included in the NICHD Fetal Growth Study (2009–2013), neonatal anthropometry was measured by trained personnel using a standard protocol. Socioeconomic characteristics included employment status, marital status, health insurance, annual income, and education. Separate adjusted generalized linear models were fit to both test the effect of race/ethnicity and the interaction of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic characteristics on neonatal anthropometry. Mean infant birthweight, length, head circumference, and abdominal circumference all differed by race/ethnicity (p < 0.001). We observed no statistically significant interactions between race/ethnicity and full-time employment/student status, marital status, insurance, or education in association with birthweight, neonatal exam weight, length, or head or abdominal circumference at examination. The interaction between income and race/ethnicity was significant only for abdominal circumference (p = 0.027), with no other significant interactions for other growth parameters, suggesting that racial/ethnic differences in neonatal anthropometry did not vary by individual socioeconomic factors in low-risk women. Our results do not preclude structural factors, such as lifetime exposure to poverty, as an explanation for racial/ethnic disparities.

【 授权许可】

Unknown