The Roles of Optogenetics and Technology in Neurobiology: A Review

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Chen Li¹  Zesong Li³  Wenqing Chen⁴  Lin Yu⁴  Xiao Zhu⁴  Zhuoheng Zou⁴  Wanmin Liang⁴  Meiying Huang⁴  Qianyi Lin⁴  Yunxuan Xie⁴  Yangzeng Liao⁴  Yunqi Li⁴ 

[1] Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany;Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, China;Zhu’s Team, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China;

关键词: nanoparticles;    nervous system;    neural circuits;    neurobiology;    neuron;    optogenetics;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnagi.2022.867863

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Optogenetic is a technique that combines optics and genetics to control specific neurons. This technique usually uses adenoviruses that encode photosensitive protein. The adenovirus may concentrate in a specific neural region. By shining light on the target nerve region, the photosensitive protein encoded by the adenovirus is controlled. Photosensitive proteins controlled by light can selectively allow ions inside and outside the cell membrane to pass through, resulting in inhibition or activation effects. Due to the high precision and minimally invasive, optogenetics has achieved good results in many fields, especially in the field of neuron functions and neural circuits. Significant advances have also been made in the study of many clinical diseases. This review focuses on the research of optogenetics in the field of neurobiology. These include how to use optogenetics to control nerve cells, study neural circuits, and treat diseases by changing the state of neurons. We hoped that this review will give a comprehensive understanding of the progress of optogenetics in the field of neurobiology.

【 授权许可】

Unknown