Lead Exposure in Low and Middle-Income Countries: Perspectives and Lessons on Patterns, Injustices, Economics, and Politics

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Julia Ravenscroft¹  Katarzyna Kordas¹  ElenaV. McLean²  Ying Cao³ 

[1]Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA

[2]Department of Political Science, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA

[3]Division of Health Services Policy and Practice, Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA

关键词: lead;    low and middle-income country (LMIC);    economic burden;    environmental injustice;    politics;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijerph15112351

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Lead exposure is a legacy issue that continues to affect vulnerable population groups globally, but particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICS). We take a multi-disciplinary approach to examine the patterns of lead exposure in these countries, discuss the underlying injustices and socio-political causes, and the economic costs that are associated with exposure. We conclude with some lessons we drew from our discussion of lead across the disciplines and advocate for a number of approaches to solving this ongoing issue. These include (i) biomonitoring that could be integrated into existing health surveys or public health programs targeting young children; (ii) greater civic engagement to push for solutions; and, (iii) environmental control policies that represent a continuum of local, context-specific to broad, national-level, and even global approaches.

【 授权许可】

Unknown