Evolutionarily Established Palmitoylation-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms of the Vertebrate Glutamatergic Synapse and Diseases Caused by Their Disruption

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience

关键词: palmitoylation;    glutamate receptor (GluR);    PDZ protein;    excitatory synapse;    vertebrate;    eutherian;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnmol.2021.796912

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain and various modifications have been established in the glutamatergic synapses. Generally, many neuronal receptors and ion channels are regulated by S-palmitoylation, a reversible post-translational protein modification. Genome sequence databases show the evolutionary acquisition and conservation concerning vertebrate-specific palmitoylation of synaptic proteins including glutamate receptors. Moreover, palmitoylation of some glutamate receptor-binding proteins is subsequently acquired only in some mammalian lineages. Recent progress in genome studies has revealed that some palmitoylation-catalyzing enzymes are the causative genes of neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review, I will summarize the evolutionary development of palmitoylation-dependent regulation of glutamatergic synapses and their dysfunctions which are caused by the disruption of palmitoylation mechanism.

【 授权许可】

Unknown