Deep Learning-Based Indoor Localization Using Multi-View BLE Signal

Sensors

Aggelos Pikrakis¹  Theodoros Siozos¹  Aristotelis Koutris¹  Yannis Kopsinis¹  Stylianos Papaharalabos²  Timon Merk²  Peter Karlsson²  Matthias Mahlig² 

[1] Libra AI Technologies, 11854 Athens, Greece;U-Blox AG, 8800 Thalwil, Switzerland;

关键词: indoor localization;    BLE;    deep neural networks;    angle of arrival;   

DOI  :  10.3390/s22072759

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In this paper, we present a novel Deep Neural Network-based indoor localization method that estimates the position of a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) transmitter (tag) by using the received signals’ characteristics at multiple Anchor Points (APs). We use the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value and the in-phase and quadrature-phase (IQ) components of the received BLE signals at a single time instance to simultaneously estimate the angle of arrival (AoA) at all APs. Through supervised learning on simulated data, various machine learning (ML) architectures are trained to perform AoA estimation using varying subsets of anchor points. In the final stage of the system, the estimated AoA values are fed to a positioning engine which uses the least squares (LS) algorithm to estimate the position of the tag. The proposed architectures are trained and rigorously tested on several simulated room scenarios and are shown to achieve a localization accuracy of 70 cm. Moreover, the proposed systems possess generalization capabilities by being robust to modifications in the room’s content or anchors’ configuration. Additionally, some of the proposed architectures have the ability to distribute the computational load over the APs.

【 授权许可】

Unknown