Birds Drinking Alcohol: Species and Relationship with People. A Review of Information from Scientific Literature and Social Media

Animals

TimH. Sparks¹  Paweł Czechowski²  Klaudia Ziemblińska³  Grzegorz Grzywaczewski⁴  Petr Sklenicka⁵  Piotr Tryjanowski⁶  Mateusz Hetman⁶ 

[1] Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznań, Poland;Branch Faculty of the University of Zielona Góra in Sulechów, Armii Krajowej Str. 51, 66-100 Sulechów, Poland;Department of Meteorology, Poznan University of Life Sciences;Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13,20-950, Lublin, Poland;Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic;Institute of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71 C, 60-625 Poznań, Poland;

关键词: anthropogenic impact;    alcohol abuse;    junk food;    social media;    youtube;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ani10020270

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Ethanol is a natural by-product of the fermentation process of fruit sugars and is occasionally consumed by fruit-eating and tree sap drinking birds. Information on this form of alcohol consumption features in the scientific literature. However, as pets or as wild animals living close to humans in urban habitats, birds have increasing possibilities to consume alcohol from beverages, such as beer, wine or spirits. Some observations have been discussed in a light-hearted manner in mass media and social media, but without any generalization of why some bird species drink the beverages intentionally or unintentionally provided by humans. To check which species and in what circumstances birds drink alcohol and how this is evaluated by humans, we reviewed the scientific literature and analysed videos from YouTube. In total we found and analysed 8 scientific papers and 179 YouTube videos, from which we identified at least 55 species (in some cases not all birds were identified to species level), 11 in the scientific literature and 47 in videos. The distribution of these species over the avian phylogenetic tree suggests that the origin of this convergent behaviour is mainly by human influence. The two data sources differed in the species covered. Videos typically presented interactions of birds with human-provided alcoholic beverages, and were dominated by two groups of intelligent birds: parrots and corvids. The popularity of YouTube videos for a particular species was positively correlated with the general popularity of the species as measured by the number of hits (results listed) on Google. Human responses to the videos were generally very positive and we analysed how the responses were influenced by factors derived from viewing the videos. Moreover, YouTube videos also provide information on at least 47 new bird species not previously mentioned as using alcohol, and our results suggest that parrots in particular can be potentially good candidates for future restricted laboratory studies on the effect of ethanol on birds and their relationship with humans.

【 授权许可】

Unknown