Palm Oil Conversion to Bio-Jet and Green Diesel Fuels over Cobalt Phosphide on Porous Carbons Derived from Palm Male Flowers

Catalysts

Apiluck Eiad-Ua¹  Rungnapa Kaewmeesri²  Kajornsak Faungnawakij²  Vorranutch Itthibenchapong²  Napat Kaewtrakulchai² 

[1] College of Nanotechnology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand;National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;

关键词: palm male flowers;    porous carbon;    cobalt phosphide;    deoxygenation;    green diesel;    bio-jet fuel;   

DOI  :  10.3390/catal10060694

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Porous carbon was successfully synthesized from palm male flowers (PMFs), using microwave-assisted potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation and was used as a catalyst support for the conversion of palm oil into bio-hydrocarbons, in fractions of green diesel and bio-jet fuel. Palm male flower-derived porous carbon (PC), consolidated with well dispersed cobalt phosphide (CoP) nanoparticles, was synthesized by simple wet-impregnation with subsequent thermal treatment. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized CoP/PC catalysts were evaluated by various techniques including proximate and ultimate elemental analysis, FTIR, XRD, N₂ sorption, SEM, TEM–EDS, and NH₃-temperature programmed desorption (TPD). The effects of the pyrolysis temperatures (600−900 °C), used for the impregnated samples before the reduction process, on catalyst properties and catalytic performance were investigated. Moreover, the effect of a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.5–1.5 h⁻¹ and reaction temperatures of 340–420 °C was studied in the palm oil conversion. The catalyst pyrolyzed at 600 °C possessed the greatest particle dispersion and surface area, and showed the highest yield of liquid hydrocarbon product (C9–C18). We also found that the high pyrolysis temperature above 800 °C partially transformed the Co₂P phase into CoP one which significantly exhibited higher cracking activity and bio-jet selectivity, due to the improved acidity of the catalyst.

【 授权许可】

Unknown