Early Nutrition and Risk of Type 1 Diabetes: The Role of Gut Microbiota

Frontiers in Nutrition

Farah El Assadi¹  Sara Vizzuso²  Matilde Amatruda²  Elvira Verduci²  Gianvincenzo Zuccotti³  Chiara Mameli³  Agnese Petitti³  Annalisa Terranegra⁴  Shaikha Alabduljabbar⁴ 

[1] College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar;Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy;Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy;Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar;

关键词: T1D;    early nutrition;    gut microbiota;    probiotics;    prebiotics;    post-biotics;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2020.612377

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) appears most frequently in childhood, with an alarming increasing incidence in the last decades. Although the genetic predisposition is a major risk factor, it cannot solely explain the complex etiology of T1D which is still not fully understood. In this paper, we reviewed the most recent findings on the role of early nutrition and the involvement of the gut microbiota in the etiopathogenesis of T1D. The main conclusions that are withdrawn from the current literature regarding alleviating the risk of developing T1D through nutrition are the encouragement of long-term breast-feeding for at least the first 6 months of life and the avoidance of early complementary foods and gluten introduction (before 4 months of age) as well as cow milk introduction before 12 months of life. These detrimental feeding habits create a gut microbiota dysbiotic state that can contribute to the onset of T1D in infancy. Finally, we discussed the possibility to introduce probiotics, prebiotics and post-biotics in the prevention of T1D.

【 授权许可】

Unknown