Highly active antiretroviral therapy conjugated silver nanoparticle ameliorates testicular injury in type-2 diabetic rats

Heliyon

Ayobami Dare¹  Onyemaechi Okpara Azu²  Sodiq Kolawole Lawal³  Carmen Olivia Rennie³  Samuel Oluwaseun Olojede⁴  Roshila Moodley⁴  Edwin C.S. Naidu⁵ 

[1] Corresponding author.;Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa;Medical Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban, South Africa;;Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine &;Discipline of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine &

关键词: Highly active antiretroviral therapy;    Reproductive dysfunction;    HIV;    Silver nanoparticle;    Testis;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Despite advances in managing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and success in the treatment prognosis using highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The clinical efficacy of this regimen has been associated with increased adverse effects such as metabolic derangements and reproductive dysfunctions. These adverse effects necessitate a nanoparticle delivery vehicle like silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), a multi-functional drug delivery system, to transport the HAART to the viral reservoir site like testis.This study was therefore designed to evaluate the effects of HAART loaded AgNPs (HAART-AgNPs) on testicular oxidative stress markers, an inflammatory biomarker, and histomorphology in a rat model of diabetes.Thirty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (n = 18) non-diabetic and fructose-streptozotocin (Frt-STZ) induced type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Thereafter, both groups were subdivided into three (n = 6) and treated with distilled water, HAART and HAART-AgNPs.HAART-AgNPs caused a significant increase (p < 0.05) in catalase (23.43 ± 0.92) level vs diabetic control (16.95 ± 1.04). Also, HAART-AgNP caused a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in malondialdehyde, interleukin-6 and blood glucose levels (1.94 ± 0.06, 93.65 ± 3.6, 287.33 ± 22.85 respectively), compared to their respective diabetic control values (2.18 ± 0.12, 143.4 ± 9.2, 372.16 ± 23.16). Furthermore, HAART-AgNPs mitigated tubular atrophy, basement membrane thickening, interstitial distension, fibrous elemental distortion and peri-interstitial tissue alterations in the testis of diabetic rats.The results from this study showed that administration of HAART-AgNPs to diabetic rats reduced testicular inflammation, improved glycaemic control, antioxidant status, and testicular histology. Therefore, conjugation of AgNP with HAART may cater for the reproductive dysfunction during the management of HIV infection.

【 授权许可】

Unknown