Melanin‐Like Nanomaterials for Advanced Biomedical Applications: A Versatile Platform with Extraordinary Promise

Advanced Science

Youyuan Yang¹  Weiguo Zhang¹  Jingjing Pan²  Heng Liu²  Fengyuan Man²  Yu Liu³  Gang Liu⁴  Junqing Wang⁵ 

[1] Department of Radiology Daping Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing 400042 China;Department of Radiology PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center Beijing 100088 China;Department of Ultrasound The First Affiliated Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing 400038 China;Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine School of Public Health Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen) Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China;

关键词: biomedicine;    melanins;    nanomaterials;    polydopamine;    theranostics;   

DOI  :  10.1002/advs.201903129

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Developing efficient, sustainable, and biocompatible high‐tech nanoplatforms derived from naturally existing components in living organisms is highly beneficial for diverse advanced biomedical applications. Melanins are nontoxic natural biopolymers owning widespread distribution in various biosystems, possessing fascinating physicochemical properties and playing significant physiological roles. The multifunctionality together with intrinsic biocompatibility renders bioinspired melanin‐like nanomaterials considerably promising as a versatile and powerful nanoplatform with broad bioapplication prospects. This panoramic Review starts with an overview of the fundamental physicochemical properties, preparation methods, and polymerization mechanisms of melanins. A systematical and well‐bedded description of recent advancements of melanin‐like nanomaterials regarding diverse biomedical applications is then given, mainly focusing on biological imaging, photothermal therapy, drug delivery for tumor treatment, and other emerging biomedicine‐related implementations. Finally, current challenges toward clinical translation with an emphasis on innovative design strategies and future striving directions are rationally discussed. This comprehensive and detailed Review provides a deep understanding of the current research status of melanin‐like nanomaterials and is expected to motivate further optimization of the design of novel tailorable and marketable multifunctional nanoplatforms in biomedicine.

【 授权许可】

Unknown