Distinct intestinal microbial communities of two sympatric anadromous Arctic salmonids and the effects of migration and feeding

Arctic Science

Virginia K. Walker¹  Geraint Element²  John M. Casselman²  Peter J. Van Coeverden de Groot²  Katja Engel³  Josh D. Neufeld³ 

[1] Department of Biology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. School of Environmental Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.;Department of Biology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.;Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.;

关键词: arctic char;    lake whitefish;    salvelinus alpinus;    corgeonus clupeaformis;    anadromous;    microbiome;    arctic ocean;    psychrophiles;    climate change;    pathogens;   

DOI  :  10.1139/as-2020-0011

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Although intestinal microbial communities from anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758)) in Kitikmeot, Nunavut, Canada, differ depending on the timing and location of capture, determinants of gut microbiota in other wild Arctic salmonids are largely unknown. Using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequence data, we compared intestinal microbiota from Arctic char to those from a related and sympatric salmonid, lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill, 1818)). Shifts in lake whitefish gut microbial community composition were observed between brackish water and freshwater, similar to impacts of salinity reported previously for Arctic char. Despite these similarities, gut community profiles for the two salmonids differed, with whitefish having higher diversities and increased proportions of taxa affiliated with potential pathogens. Geography seemed to have a greater impact on freshwater whitefish gut microbiota than on corresponding Arctic char. Additionally, microbiota diversity was significantly more affected by feeding behavior in whitefish compared with sympatric Arctic char. As sampled whitefish were at their northern range limits and grew slowly, we speculate that they, and their microbial consortia, could be more vulnerable to certain abiotic and biotic factors than Arctic char, which are well adapted to conditions found in these high latitude environments and have the most northern distribution of any freshwater fish.

【 授权许可】

Unknown