Model-Based Contract Design for Low Energy Waste Heat Contracts: The Route to Pricing

Energies

Victoria Volodina¹  Chris J. Dent¹  Edward Wheatcroft²  Henry P. Wynn²  Kristina Lygnerud³ 

[1] Alan Turing Institute, 96 Euston Rd, London NW1 2DB, UK;Department of Statistics, London School of Economics, London WC2A 2AE, UK;IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, 41133 Göteborg, Sweden;

关键词: district heating and cooling;    urban waste heat recovery;    data centres;    contracts;    low-temperature;    excess heat;   

DOI  :  10.3390/en14123614

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Urban Waste Heat Recovery, heat recovery from low-temperature urban sources such as data centres and metro systems, has a great deal of potential in terms of meeting domestic and commercial heat demands whilst significantly reducing carbon emissions. Urban sources of heat are advantageous in that they tend to be close to areas of high heat demand and are therefore highly suitable as inputs to existing and newly constructed district heating networks. This paper has two main focuses. Firstly, the issue of efficiency in waste heat recovery is addressed with a focus on Technical, Economic, Social, and Environmental (TESE) efficiencies, which we consider should be given equal consideration. Secondly, we address the question of contractual efficiency and argue that contracts should be underpinned by mathematical modelling. We then focus on the contractual relationship between the owner of the waste heat and the district heating operator and consider the question of waste heat pricing. We suggest a profit sharing approach in which the price per unit of waste heat is allowed to vary according to important aspects such as demand and the electricity price. A demonstration of this approach is presented using a simple model of a waste heat recovery system that extracts heat from a data centre in Brunswick, Germany.

【 授权许可】

Unknown