Extraction of Astaxanthin and Lutein from Microalga Haematococcus pluvialis in the Red Phase Using CO2 Supercritical Fluid Extraction Technology with Ethanol as Co-Solvent

Marine Drugs

Simeone Chianese¹  Dino Musmarra¹  Antonio Molino²  Sanjeet Mehariya²  Patrizia Casella²  Angela Iovine²  Vincenzo Larocca³  Giuseppe Di Sanzo³  Maria Martino³ 

[1] Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Real Casa dell’Annunziata, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy;ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development. Department of Sustainability—CR Portici. P. Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy;ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development. Department of Sustainability—CR Trisaia. SS Jonica 106, km 419+500, 7026 Rotondella (MT), Italy;

关键词: CO₂ supercritical fluid extraction;    Haematococcus pluvialis;    lutein;    astaxanthin;    ethanol;    co-solvent;    antioxidants;    purity;    recovery;    extraction;   

DOI  :  10.3390/md16110432

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Astaxanthin and lutein, antioxidants used in nutraceutics and cosmetics, can be extracted from several microalgal species. In this work, investigations on astaxanthin and lutein extraction from Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis) in the red phase were carried out by means of the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technique, in which CO₂ supercritical fluid was used as the extracting solvent with ethanol as the co-solvent. The experimental activity was performed using a bench-scale reactor in semi-batch configuration with varying extraction times (20, 40, 60, and 80 min), temperatures (50, 65, and 80 °C) and pressures (100, 400, and 550 bar). Moreover, the performance of CO₂ SFE with ethanol was compared to that without ethanol. The results show that the highest astaxanthin and lutein recoveries were found at 65 °C and 550 bar, with ~18.5 mg/g dry weight (~92%) astaxanthin and ~7.15 mg/g dry weight (~93%) lutein. The highest astaxanthin purity and the highest lutein purity were found at 80 °C and 400 bar, and at 65 °C and 550 bar, respectively.

【 授权许可】

Unknown