Chromium accumulation in soil, water and forage samples in automobile emission area

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Kafeel Ahmad¹  Sarfraz Hashim²  Mohamed Hashem²  Moodi Saham Alsubeie³  Shahid Farooq⁴  Muhammad Mudassar Maqbool⁵  Saad Alamri⁵  Rahmah N. Al-Qthanin⁵  Yong-Feng Wang⁵  Zunaira Munir⁶  Zafar I. Khan⁶  Ahlam Khalofah⁶  Tasneem Ahmad⁷ 

[1]Development Farm, Toba Tek Singh, Pakistan

[2]Prince Sultan Bin-Abdul-Aziz Center for Environment and Tourism Studies and Researches, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia

[3]Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia

[4]College of Sciences, Biology Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

[5]Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia

[6]Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan

[7]

[8]Pakki Thatti Research &

关键词: Chromium;    Bio-concentration factor;    Pollution load index;    Forage;    Blood;    Automobile emission;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Environmental contamination caused by various pollutants due to automobile emissions is an alarming issue. One important type of the pollutants are heavy metals, including chromium (Cr) added by the exhaust of toxic smoke of vehicles. These pollutants are added to forage crops cultivated near roadsides, soil and irrigation water. However, rare studies have been conducted to infer Cr accumulation near heavy automobile emission areas. This study was conducted to determine Cr concentration in irrigation water, soil and forage. Water, forage and soil samples were collected from area impacted by heavy traffic. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to appraise Cr values in the collected samples. Chromium values ranged from 0.50 to 1.14 mg/kg in water samples and from 0.04 to 2.23 mg/kg in soil samples. It was highest in Zea mays grown soil, whereas minimum in Brassica campestris soil. The Cr values in forages ranged from 0.09 to 1.06 mg/kg. Z. mays observed the highest Cr accumulation, whereas the lowest Cr accrual was noted for B. campestris. The pollution load index (PLI) was the highest for Trifolium alexandrinum, while the lowest for Z. mays. Bio-concentration factor (BCF) ranged from 0.14 to 8.63. The highest BCF was noted for T. alexandrinum, while the lowest for Z. mays. The highest and the lowest daily intake of metal (DIM) was noted for Z. mays at different sites. Health risk index (HRI) was highest for Z. mays and lowest for B. campestris. The results add valuable information on heavy metal accumulation in water, soil and forage samples near to automobile emission area.

【 授权许可】

Unknown