A Comprehensive Study of a Winter Haze Episode over the Area around Bohai Bay in Northeast China: Insights from Meteorological Elements Observations of Boundary Layer

Sustainability

Chong Liu¹  Chenrui Li²  Chuanhai Miao³  Zonghao Li³  Chang Hou³  Hongshuo Li³  Tiening Zhang⁴  Yu Zheng⁵  Huizheng Che⁵  Boshi Kang⁶ 

[1] Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China;Lanzhou Central Meteorological Observatory, Lanzhou 730020, China;Liaoning Meteorological Equipment Support Center, Shenyang 110000, China;Liaoning Weather Modification Office, Shenyang 110000, China;State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Institute of Atmospheric Composition and Environmental Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;The Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110000, China;

关键词: haze episode;    ground-based observations;    wind profile radar;    boundary layer;    sea breeze;    Bohai Bay;   

DOI  :  10.3390/su14095424

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Based on wind profile radar observations, along with high-frequency wave radar data, meteorological data, and air quality monitoring data, we studied a haze episode in Panjin—a coastal city around Bohai Bay in Northeast China—that occurred from 8 to 13 February 2020. The results show that this persistent pollution event was dominated by PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 and their mass concentrations were both ~120 μg/m³ in the mature stage. In the early stage, the southerly sea breeze of ~4.5 m/s brought a large amount of moist air from the sea, which provided sufficient water vapor for the condensation and nucleation of pollutants, and thus accelerated the formation of haze. In the whole haze process, a weak updraft first appeared in the boundary layer, according to the vertical profile, contributing to the collision and growth of particulate matter. Vertical turbulence was barely observed in the mature stage, with the haze layer reaching 900 m in its peak, suggesting stable stratification conditions of the atmospheric boundary layer. The explosive growth of pollutant concentrations was about 10 h later than the formation of the stable stratification condition of the boundary layer. The potential source areas of air pollutants were identified by the WRF-FLEXPART model, which showed the significant contribution of local emissions and the transport effect of sea breeze. This study provides insights into the formation mechanism of haze pollution in this area, but the data observed in this campaign are also valuable for numerical modeling.

【 授权许可】

Unknown