Extracellular Vesicles: Interplay with the Extracellular Matrix and Modulated Cell Responses

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Giselle C. Yeo¹  Anthony S. Weiss¹  Suzanne M. Mithieux¹  Aleen Al Halawani¹  Elham Hosseini-Beheshti² 

[1] Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;

关键词: extracellular vesicles;    exosomes;    microvesicles;    extracellular matrix;    mesenchymal stem cells;    wound healing;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms23063389

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The discovery that cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), which carry a variety of regulatory proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, has shed light on the sophisticated manner by which cells can communicate and accordingly function. The bioactivity of EVs is not only defined by their internal content, but also through their surface associated molecules, and the linked downstream signaling effects they elicit in target cells. The extracellular matrix (ECM) contains signaling and structural molecules that are central to tissue maintenance and repair. Recently, a subset of EVs residing within the extracellular matrix has been identified. Although some roles have been proposed for matrix-bound vesicles, their role as signaling molecules within the ECM is yet to be explored. Given the close association of EVs and the ECM, it is not surprising that EVs partly mediate repair and regeneration by modulating matrix deposition and degradation through their cellular targets. This review addresses unique EV features that allow them to interact with and navigate through the ECM, describes how their release and content is influenced by the ECM, and emphasizes the emerging role of stem-cell derived EVs in tissue repair and regeneration through their matrix-modulating properties.

【 授权许可】

Unknown