Wnt signaling in orofacial clefts: crosstalk, pathogenesis and models

Disease Models & Mechanisms

Kurt Reynolds¹  Santosh Kumar¹  Ran Gu¹  Yu Ji¹  Priyanka Kumari¹  Lessly Sepulveda Rincon¹  Chengji J. Zhou¹ 

[1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA;

关键词: Orofacial clefts;    Cleft lip;    Cleft palate;    Wnt;    Bmp;    Fgf;    Tgfβ;    Shh;    Retinoic acid;    Epigenetics;    Crosstalk;   

DOI  :  10.1242/dmm.037051

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Diverse signaling cues and attendant proteins work together during organogenesis, including craniofacial development. Lip and palate formation starts as early as the fourth week of gestation in humans or embryonic day 9.5 in mice. Disruptions in these early events may cause serious consequences, such as orofacial clefts, mainly cleft lip and/or cleft palate. Morphogenetic Wnt signaling, along with other signaling pathways and transcription regulation mechanisms, plays crucial roles during embryonic development, yet the signaling mechanisms and interactions in lip and palate formation and fusion remain poorly understood. Various Wnt signaling and related genes have been associated with orofacial clefts. This Review discusses the role of Wnt signaling and its crosstalk with cell adhesion molecules, transcription factors, epigenetic regulators and other morphogenetic signaling pathways, including the Bmp, Fgf, Tgfβ, Shh and retinoic acid pathways, in orofacial clefts in humans and animal models, which may provide a better understanding of these disorders and could be applied towards prevention and treatments.

【 授权许可】

Unknown