Advances in the Detection of Emerging Tree Diseases by Measurements of VOCs and HSPs Gene Expression, Application to Ash Dieback Caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus

Pathogens

Tadeusz Malewski¹  Justyna Anna Nowakowska²  Zuzanna Zwierzyńska²  Piotr Borowik³  Leszek Adamowicz³  Rafał Tarakowski³  Tomasz Oszako⁴  Sławomir Ślusarski⁴ 

[1] Department of Molecular and Biometric Techniques, Museum and Institute of Zoology, 00-679 Warsaw, Poland;Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland;Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warszawa, Poland;Forest Protection Department, Forest Research Institute, 05-090 Sękocin Stary, Poland;

关键词: ash;    dieback;    root rot;    e-nose;    heat shock protein;    forest protection;   

DOI  :  10.3390/pathogens10111359

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Ash shoot dieback has now spread throughout Europe. It is caused by an interaction between fungi that attack shoots (Hymenoscyphus fraxineus) and roots (Armillaria spp., in our case Armillaria gallica). While detection of the pathogen is relatively easy when disease symptoms are present, it is virtually impossible when the infestation is latent. Such situations occur in nurseries when seedlings become infected (the spores are carried by the wind several dozen miles). The diseases are masked by pesticides, fertilisers, and adequate irrigation to protect the plants. Root rot that develops in the soil is also difficult to detect. Currently, there is a lack of equipment that can detect root rot pathogens without digging up root systems, which risks damaging trees. For this reason, the use of an electronic nose to detect pathogens in infected tissue of ash trees grown in pots and inoculated with the above fungi was attempted. Disease symptoms were detected in all ash trees exposed to natural infection (via spores) in the forest. The electronic nose was able to detect the pathogens (compared to the control). Detection of the pathogens in seedlings will enable foresters to remove diseased trees and prevent the path from nursery to forest plantations by such selection.

【 授权许可】

Unknown