Effect of Pd Precursor Salts on the Chemical State, Particle Size, and Performance of Activated Carbon-Supported Pd Catalysts for the Selective Hydrogenation of Palm Biodiesel

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Apiluck Eiad-Ua¹  Parncheewa Udomsap¹  Hideyuki Takagi²  Hiroyuki Tateno²  Shih-Yuan Chen²  Takehisa Mochizuki²  Masayasu Nishi²  Nuwong Chollacoop³  Yuji Yoshimura³ 

[1] College of Nanotechnology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Chalongkrung Rd., Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand;Energy Catalyst Technology Group, Energy Process Research Institute (EPRI), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8559, Japan;Energy Innovation Research Group, National Energy Technology Center (ENTEC), 114 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Rd., Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand;

关键词: Pd catalyst;    activated carbon;    particle size effect;    selective hydrogenation;    high-quality biodiesel;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms22031256

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

To improve the oxidative stability of biodiesel fuel (BDF), the polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (poly-FAME) presented in commercial palm oil-derived biodiesel fuel (palm-BDF) were selectively hydrogenated to monounsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (mono-FAME) under a mild condition (80 °C, 0.5 MPa) using activated carbon (AC)-supported Pd catalysts with a Pd loading of 1 wt.%. The partially hydrotreated palm-BDF (denoted as H-FAME) which has low poly-FAME components is a new type of BDF with enhanced quality for use in high blends. In this study, we reported that the chemical states and particle sizes of Pd in the prepared Pd/AC catalysts were significantly influenced by the Pd precursors, Pd(NO₃)₂ and Pd(NH₃)₄Cl₂, and thus varied their hydrogenation activity and product selectivity. The 1%Pd/AC (nit) catalyst, prepared using Pd(NO₃)₂, presented high performance for selective hydrogenation of poly-FAME into mono-FAME with high oxidation stability, owning to its large Pd particles (8.4 nm). Conversely, the 1%Pd/AC (amc) catalyst, prepared using Pd(NH₃)₄Cl₂, contained small Pd particles (2.7 nm) with a little Cl residues, which could be completely removed by washing with an aqueous solution of 0.1 M NH₄OH. The small Pd particles gave increased selectivity toward unwanted-FAME components, particularly the saturated fatty acid methyl esters during the hydrogenation of poly-FAME. This selectivity is unprofitable for improving the biodiesel quality.

【 授权许可】

Unknown