Physical Considerations for In Vitro ESWT Research Design

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Robert Nuster¹  Cyrill Slezak²  Roland Rose³  Paul Slezak³  Julia M. Jilge³  David Hercher³ 

[1] Department of Physics, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;Department of Physics, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84059, USA;Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, 1200 Vienna, Austria;

关键词: shockwave therapy;    regenerative medicine;    sedimentation;    in vitro;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms23010313

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In vitro investigations, which comprise the bulk of research efforts geared at identifying an underlying biomechanical mechanism for extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), are commonly hampered by inadequate descriptions of the underlying therapeutic acoustical pressure waves. We demonstrate the necessity of in-situ sound pressure measurements inside the treated samples considering the significant differences associated with available applicator technologies and cell containment. A statistical analysis of pulse-to-pulse variability in an electrohydraulic applicator yields a recommendation for a minimal pulse number of n = 300 for cell pallets and suspensions to achieve reproducible treatments. Non-linear absorption behavior of sample holders and boundary effects are shown for transient peak pressures and applied energies and may serve as a guide when in-situ measurements are not available or can be used as a controllable experimental design factor. For the use in microbiological investigations of ESWT we provide actionable identification of common problems in describing physical shockwave parameters and improving experimental setups by; (1) promoting in-situ sound field measurements, (2) statistical evaluation of applicator variability, and (3) extrapolation of treatment parameters based on focal and treatment volumes.

【 授权许可】

Unknown