Amnesia after Midazolam and Ketamine Sedation in Children: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Clinical Medicine

Mônica M. Moterane¹  Karolline A. Viana¹  Keira P. Mason²  Steven M. Green³  Luciane R. Costa⁴ 

[1] Dentistry Graduate Program, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74000-000, Goiás, Brazil;Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA;Department of Oral Health, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74000-000, Goiás, Brazil;

关键词: amnesia;    memory;    dental care;    conscious sedation;    child;    preschool;   

DOI  :  10.3390/jcm10225430

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The incidence of peri-procedural amnesia following procedural sedation in children is unclear and difficult to determine. This study aimed to apply quantitative and qualitative approaches to better understand amnesia following dental sedation of children. After Institutional Review Board Approval, children scheduled for sedation for dental procedures with oral midazolam (OM), oral midazolam and ketamine (OMK), or intranasal midazolam and ketamine (IMK) were recruited for examination of peri-procedural amnesia. Amnesia during the dental session was assessed using a three-stage method, using identification of pictures and an animal toy. On the day following the sedation, primary caregivers answered two questions about their children’s memory. One week later, the children received a semi-structured interview. Behavior and level of sedation during the dental session were recorded. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and comparison tests. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Triangulation was used. Thirty-five children (age: 36 to 76 months) participated in the quantitative analysis. Most children showed amnesia for the dental procedure (82.9%, n = 29/35) and remembered receiving the sedation (82.1%, n = 23/28 for oral administration; 59.3%, n = 16/27 for intranasal administration). The occurrence of amnesia for the dental procedure was slightly higher in the oral midazolam group compared with the other groups (44.8%, n = 13/29 for OM, 13.8%, n = 4/29 for OMK, and 41.4%, n = 12/29 for IMK). Twenty-eight children participated in the qualitative approach. The major theme identified was that some children could remember their procedures in detail. We conclude that peri-procedural amnesia of the dental procedure was common following sedation.

【 授权许可】

Unknown