Asymmetric (ADMA) and Symmetric (SDMA) Dimethylarginines in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Clinical Approach

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Francisco Rodriguez-Esparragon¹  Nestor Oliva-Damaso²  Juan Payan²  Fayna Gonzalez-Cabrera³  Eduardo Baamonde-Laborda³  Elena Oliva-Damaso³  Raquel Santana-Estupiñan³  JoseCarlos Rodriguez-Perez³ 

[1] Department of Investigation, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain;Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hospital Costa del Sol, 29603 Marbella, Spain;Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain;

关键词: ADMA;    SDMA;    methylarginines;    asymmetric dimethylarginine;    symmetric dimethylarginine;    cardiovascular;    chronic kidney disease;    end-stage renal disease;    uremia;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms20153668

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and its enantiomer, Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), are naturally occurring amino acids that were first isolated and characterized in human urine in 1970. ADMA is the most potent endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), with higher levels in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ADMA has shown to be a significant predictor of cardiovascular outcome and mortality among dialysis patients. On the other hand, although initially SDMA was thought to be an innocuous molecule, we now know that it is an outstanding marker of renal function both in human and in animal models, with ESRD patients on dialysis showing the highest SDMA levels. Today, we know that ADMA and SDMA are not only uremic toxins but also independent risk markers for mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, we summarize the role of both ADMA and SDMA in chronic kidney disease along with other cardiovascular risk factors.

【 授权许可】

Unknown