Carbonaceous Adsorbents Derived from Agricultural Sources for the Removal of Pramipexole Pharmaceutical Model Compound from Synthetic Aqueous Solutions

Processes

Kyriazis Rekos¹  EfstathiosV. Liakos²  GeorgeZ. Kyzas²  AthanasiosC. Mitropoulos²  DimitriosA. Giannakoudakis³ 

[1] Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece;Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, GR-654 04 Kavala, Greece;Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;

关键词: activated carbons;    adsorption;    pharmaceuticals;    sucrose;    kiwi peels;    orange peels;   

DOI  :  10.3390/pr9020253

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The aim of the present study was to synthesize various samples of activated carbon (AC) from different agricultural sources as precursors, like orange peels, tea stalks, and kiwi peels, as well as sucrose. The synthesis of AC was achieved with chemical activation using H₃PO₄ and KOH. The produced AC samples were tested as adsorbents for the removal of a pharmaceutical model compound, pramipexole dihydrochloride (PRM), from synthetic aqueous synthetic solutions. The produced-from-sucrose AC presented the higher yield of synthesis (~58%). The physicochemical features of the materials were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy, N₂ physisorption, and SEM imaging. More specifically, the AC sample derived from sucrose (SG-AC) had the highest specific surface area (1977 m²/g) with the total pores volume, mesopores volume, and external surface area being 1.382 cm³/g, 0.819 cm³/g, and 751 m²/g, respectively. The effect of the initial pH and PRM concentration were studied, while the equilibrium results (isotherms) were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich models. The maximum adsorption capacities were found to be 213, 190, 155, and 115 mg/g for AC samples produced from sucrose, kiwi peels, orange peels, and tea stalks, respectively.

【 授权许可】

Unknown