Inorganic Polymeric Materials for Injured Tissue Repair: Biocatalytic Formation and Exploitation

Biomedicines

Xiaohong Wang¹  Werner E. G. Müller¹  Meik Neufurth¹  Heinz C. Schröder¹  Shunfeng Wang¹  Rongwei Tan² 

[1] ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany;Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials Co., Ltd., Building B3, Unit 2B-C, China Merchants Guangming Science Park, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China;

关键词: biomaterial;    biosilica;    polyphosphate;    silicatein;    alkaline phosphatase;    nanoparticle;   

DOI  :  10.3390/biomedicines10030658

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Two biocatalytically produced inorganic biomaterials show great potential for use in regenerative medicine but also other medical applications: bio-silica and bio-polyphosphate (bio-polyP or polyP). Biosilica is synthesized by a group of enzymes called silicateins, which mediate the formation of amorphous hydrated silica from monomeric precursors. The polymeric silicic acid formed by these enzymes, which have been cloned from various siliceous sponge species, then undergoes a maturation process to form a solid biosilica material. The second biomaterial, polyP, has the extraordinary property that it not only has morphogenetic activity similar to biosilica, i.e., can induce cell differentiation through specific gene expression, but also provides metabolic energy through enzymatic cleavage of its high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds. This reaction is catalyzed by alkaline phosphatase, a ubiquitous enzyme that, in combination with adenylate kinase, forms adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from polyP. This article attempts to highlight the biomedical importance of the inorganic polymeric materials biosilica and polyP as well as the enzymes silicatein and alkaline phosphatase, which are involved in their metabolism or mediate their biological activity.

【 授权许可】

Unknown