Longitudinal Humoral Responses after COVID-19 Vaccination in Peritoneal and Hemodialysis Patients over Twelve Weeks

Vaccines

Paul Schnitzler¹  Mirabel Buylaert²  Florian Kälble²  Maximilian Töllner²  Julia Grenz²  Christian Morath²  Katrin Klein²  Martin Zeier²  Claudius Speer²  Louise Benning²  Christian Nusshag²  Matthias Schaier²  Paula Reichel²  Caner Süsal³ 

[1] Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;

关键词: COVID-19;    COVID-19 vaccination;    hemodialysis;    peritoneal dialysis;    humoral response;    BNT162b2;   

DOI  :  10.3390/vaccines9101130

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

It has been demonstrated that patients on hemo- or peritoneal dialysis are particularly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and impaired seroconversion compared to healthy controls. Follow-up data on vaccination response in dialysis patients is limited but is greatly needed to individualize and guide (booster) vaccination strategies. In this prospective, multicenter study we measured anti-spike S1 and neutralizing antibodies in 124 hemodialysis patients, 41 peritoneal dialysis patients, and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls over 12 weeks after homologous BNT162b2 vaccination. Compared to healthy controls, both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients had lower anti-S1 IgG antibodies (median (IQR) 7.0 (2.8–24.3) and 21.8 (5.8–103.9) versus 134.9 (23.8–283.6), respectively; p < 0.001 and p < 0.05) and a reduced SARS-CoV-2 spike protein–ACE2 binding inhibition caused by vaccine-induced antibodies (median (IQR) 56% (40–81) and 77% (52–89) versus 96% (90–98), respectively; p < 0.001 and p < 0.01) three weeks after the second vaccination. Twelve weeks after the second vaccination, the spike protein–ACE2 binding inhibition significantly decreased to a median (IQR) of 45% (31–60) in hemodialysis patients and 55% (36–78) in peritoneal dialysis patients, respectively (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05). Peritoneal dialysis patients mounted higher antibody levels compared with hemodialysis patients at all time points during the 12-week follow-up. Individual booster vaccinations in high-risk individuals without seroconversion or rapidly waning neutralizing antibody levels are required and further data on the neutralization of emerging variants of concern in these patients are urgently needed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown