The Area Deprivation Index: A novel tool for harmonizable risk assessment in Alzheimer's disease research

Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions

Carey E. Gleason¹  Sanjay Asthana¹  Jamie L. Larson¹  Barbara B. Bendlin¹  Sterling C. Johnson¹  Jack F. V. Hunt¹  William R. Buckingham¹  Amy J. H. Kind¹  Robert A. Rissman²  Alice J. Kim³  Megan Zuelsdorff⁴  Rebecca L. Koscik⁵ 

[1] Department of Medicine Division of Geriatrics University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USA;Department of Neurosciences University of California San Diego San Diego California USA;Department of Psychology University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA;University of Wisconsin‐Madison School of Nursing Madison Wisconsin USA;Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute Madison Wisconsin USA;

关键词: cognition;    cognitive aging;    dementia;    disparities;    neighborhood disadvantage;    social determinants;   

DOI  :  10.1002/trc2.12039

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Introduction Residence in a disadvantaged neighborhood associates with adverse health exposures and outcomes, and may increase risk for cognitive impairment and dementia. Utilization of a publicly available, geocoded disadvantage metric could facilitate efficient integration of social determinants of health into models of cognitive aging. Methods Using the validated Area Deprivation Index and two cognitive aging cohorts, we quantified Census block‐level poverty, education, housing, and employment characteristics for the neighborhoods of 2119 older adults. We assessed relationships between neighborhood disadvantage and cognitive performance in domains sensitive to age‐related change. Results Participants in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods (n = 156) were younger, more often female, and less often college‐educated or white than those in less disadvantaged neighborhoods (n = 1963). Disadvantaged neighborhood residence associated with poorer performance on tests of executive function, verbal learning, and memory. Discussion This geospatial metric of neighborhood disadvantage may be valuable for exploring socially rooted risk mechanisms, and prioritizing high‐risk communities for research recruitment and intervention.

【 授权许可】

Unknown