Diatom microalgae as smart nanocontainers for biosensing wastewater pollutants: recent trends and innovations

Bioengineered

Sudhanshu Mishra¹  Ankesh Ahirwar¹  Vandana Vinayak¹  Megha Mourya¹  Vandana Sirotiya¹  Mohd Jahir Khan¹  Shashi Kant Bhatia²  Justine Marchand³  Benoit Schoefs³  Anshuman Rai⁴  Sunita Varjani⁵ 

[1] Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University;Konkuk University;Metabolism, Bioengineering of Microalgal Metabolism and Applications (MIMMA), Mer Molecules Santé, Le Mans University;Mmu, Deemed University;Paryavaran Bhavan, Gujarat Pollution Control Board;

关键词: biosensors;    diatoms;    microalgae;    nanomaterials;    pollutants;    wastewater;   

DOI  :  10.1080/21655979.2021.1996748

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Microalgae have been recognized as one of the most efficient microorganisms to remediate industrial effluents. Among microalgae diatoms are silica shelled unicellular eukaryotes, found in all types of water bodies and flourish very well even in wastewater. They have their silica cell wall made up of nano arrayed pores arranged in a uniform fashion. Therefore, they act as smart nanocontainers to adsorb various trace metals, dyes, polymers, and drugs which are hazardous to human as well to aquatic life. The beautiful nanoarchitecture in diatoms allows them to easily bind to ligands of choice to form a nanocomposite structure with the pollutants which can be a chemical or biological component. Such naturally available diatom nanomaterials are economical and highly sensitive compared to manmade artificial silica nanomaterials to help in facile removal of the toxic pollutants from wastewater. This review is thus focused on employing diatoms to remediate various pollutants such as heavy metals, dyes, hydrocarbons detected in the wastewater. It also includes different microalgae as biosensors for determination of pollutants in effluents and the perspectives for nanotechnological applications in the field of remediating pollutants through microalgae. The review also discusses in length the hurdles and perspectives of employing microalgae in wastewater remediation.

【 授权许可】

Unknown