Divergence between Neuronal and Oligodendroglial Cell Fate, in Postnatal Brain Neural Stem Cells, Leads to Divergent Properties in Polymorphic In Vitro Assays

Cells

Ilias Kazanis¹  Efstathia Prantikou¹  Maria Anesti¹  Stavroula Magkafa¹ 

[1] Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;

关键词: neural stem cells;    oligodendrocyte progenitor cells;    neurogenesis;    oligodendrogenesis;    cell fate;    microenvironment;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cells11111743

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Two main stem cell pools exist in the postnatal mammalian brain that, although they share some “stemness” properties, also exhibit significant differences. Multipotent neural stem cells survive within specialized microenvironments, called niches, and they are vulnerable to ageing. Oligodendroglial lineage-restricted progenitor cells are widely distributed in the brain parenchyma and are more resistant to the effects of ageing. Here, we create polymorphic neural stem cell cultures and allow cells to progress towards the neuronal and the oligodendroglial lineage. We show that the divergence of cell fate is accompanied by a divergence in the properties of progenitors, which reflects their adaptation to life in the niche or the parenchyma. Neurogenesis shows significant spatial restrictions and a dependence on laminin, a major niche component, while oligodendrogenesis shows none of these constraints. Furthermore, the blocking of integrin-β1 leads to opposing effects, reducing neurogenesis and enhancing oligodendrogenesis. Therefore, polymorphic neural stem cell assays can be used to investigate the divergence of postnatal brain stem cells and also to predict the in vivo effects of potential therapeutic molecules targeting stem and progenitor cells, as we do for the microneurotrophin BNN-20.

【 授权许可】

Unknown