Effects of TiO2 Nanoparticles Incorporation into Cells of Tomato Roots

Nanomaterials

Primavera López-Salazar¹  JuanVicente Méndez-Méndez²  Nicolás Cayetano-Castro²  Hugo Martínez-Gutiérrez²  Raúl Borja-Urby²  DulceEstefanía Nicolás-Álvarez³  JoséJorge Chanona-Pérez⁴  JoséAlberto Andraca-Adame⁵ 

[1] CIDS, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. 14 Sur y San Claudio. Edif. IC6, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico;CNMN, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu s/n, UPALM, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico;Departamento de Fisiología, ENCB, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Miguel Stampa s/n, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico;Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, ENCB, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Miguel Stampa s/n, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico;UPIIH, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carretera “Pachuca-Actopan” Kilómetro 1 + 500, Municipio San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo 42162, Mexico;

关键词: TiO₂ nanoparticles;    tomato root;    Young’s Modulus;    morphology and mechanical properties in cells;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nano11051127

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In this study, tomato plants were grown in vitro with and without incorporation of TiO₂ nanoparticles in Murashige and Skoog (MS) growth medium. The aim of this study was to describe the morphological (area and roundness cell) and mechanical (Young’s Modulus) change in the different tissue of tomato root, epidermis (Ep), parenchyma (Pa), and vascular bundles (Vb), when the whole plant was exposed to TiO₂ nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs). light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) techniques were used to identify changes into the root cells when TiO₂ NPs were incorporated. TiO₂ NPs incorporation produces changes in the area, roundness, and Young’s Modulus of the tomato root. When tomato root is exposed to TiO₂ NPs, the Ep and Vb area size decreases from 260.92 µm² to 160.71 µm² and, 103.08 µm² to 52.13 µm², respectively, compared with the control area, while in Pa tissue the area size was increased considerably from 337.72 mm² to 892.96 mm². Cellular roundness was evident in tomato root that was exposed to TiO₂ NPs in the Ep (0.49 to 0.67), Pa (0.63 to 0.79), and Vb (0.76 to 0.71) area zones. Young’s Modulus in Pa zone showed a rigid mechanical behavior when tomato root is exposed to TiO₂ NPs (0.48 to 4.98 MPa control and TiO₂ NPs, respectively). Meanwhile, Ep and Vb were softer than the control sample (13.9 to 1.06 MPa and 6.37 to 4.41 MPa respectively). This means that the Pa zone was stiffer than Ep and Vb when the root is exposed to TiO₂ NPs. Furthermore, TiO₂ NPs were internalized in the root tissue of tomato, accumulating mainly in the cell wall and intercellular spaces, with a wide distribution throughout the tissue, as seen in TEM.

【 授权许可】

Unknown