Nitric Oxide and the Neuroendocrine Control of the Osmotic Stress Response in Teleosts

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Elisa Angiulli¹  Carla Cioni¹  Mattia Toni¹ 

[1] Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University, via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy;

关键词: nitric oxide synthases;    teleost;    caudal neurosecretory system;    hypothalamo-hypophysial system;    arginine vasopressin;    oxytocin;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms20030489

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the modulation of teleost osmoresponsive circuits is suggested by the facts that NO synthase enzymes are expressed in the neurosecretory systems and may be regulated by osmotic stimuli. The present paper is an overview on the research suggesting a role for NO in the central modulation of hormone release in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial and the caudal neurosecretory systems of teleosts during the osmotic stress response. Active NOS enzymes are constitutively expressed by the magnocellular and parvocellular hypophysiotropic neurons and the caudal neurosecretory neurons of teleosts. Moreover, their expression may be regulated in response to the osmotic challenge. Available data suggests that the regulatory role of NO appeared early during vertebrate phylogeny and the neuroendocrine modulation by NO is conservative. Nonetheless, NO seems to have opposite effects in fish compared to mammals. Indeed, NO exerts excitatory effects on the electrical activity of the caudal neurosecretory neurons, influencing the amount of peptides released from the urophysis, while it inhibits hormone release from the magnocellular neurons in mammals.

【 授权许可】

Unknown