Anabaenopeptins from Cyanobacteria in Freshwater Bodies of Greece

Toxins

Spyros Gkelis¹  Hanna Mazur-Marzec²  Sevasti-Kiriaki Zervou³  Anastasia Hiskia³  Triantafyllos Kaloudis³ 

[1] Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;Division of Marine Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland;Laboratory of Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patriarchou Grigoriou E & 27 Neapoleos Str., 15310 Athens, Greece;

关键词: anabaenopeptins;    LC–qTRAP MS/MS;    fragmentation spectra;    structure elucidation;    cyanopeptides;    cyanobacterial metabolites;   

DOI  :  10.3390/toxins14010004

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms that are able to produce a large number of secondary metabolites. In freshwaters, under favorable conditions, they can rapidly multiply, forming blooms, and can release their toxic/bioactive metabolites in water. Among them, anabaenopeptins (APs) are a less studied class of cyclic bioactive cyanopeptides. The occurrence and structural variety of APs in cyanobacterial blooms and cultured strains from Greek freshwaters were investigated. Cyanobacterial extracts were analyzed with LC–qTRAP MS/MS using information-dependent acquisition in enhanced ion product mode in order to obtain the fragmentation mass spectra of APs. Thirteen APs were detected, and their possible structures were annotated based on the elucidation of fragmentation spectra, including three novel ones. APs were present in the majority of bloom samples (91%) collected from nine Greek lakes during different time periods. A large variety of APs was observed, with up to eight congeners co-occurring in the same sample. AP F (87%), Oscillamide Y (87%) and AP B (65%) were the most frequently detected congeners. Thirty cyanobacterial strain cultures were also analyzed. APs were only detected in one strain (Microcystis ichtyoblabe). The results contribute to a better understanding of APs produced by freshwater cyanobacteria and expand the range of structurally characterized APs.

【 授权许可】

Unknown