Oxidative Stress Is Increased in Combined Oral Contraceptives Users and Is Positively Associated with High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein

Molecules

Giuseppe Barbina¹  Sabina Cauci²  MariaPia Francescato²  Mattia Barbina²  Chiara Colaninno²  Cinzia Buligan³  Serena Xodo⁴ 

[1] Clinical Analysis Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University-Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy;Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;Dermatology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University-Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy;Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinics, Maternal and Child Department, Santa Maria della Misericordia University-Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy;

关键词: lipid peroxidation;    free radicals;    inflammation;    contraceptive pill;    thromboembolism;    hormonal contraception;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules26041070

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Information concerning the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation in young healthy women predisposing eventually to future diseases is scarce. We investigated the relationship of oxidative stress and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in fertile-age women by oral combined contraceptive (OC) use. Caucasian Italian healthy non-obese women (n = 290; 100 OC-users; 190 non-OC-users; mean age 23.2 ± 4.7 years) were analyzed. Blood hydroperoxides, as oxidative stress biomarkers, were assessed by Free Oxygen Radical Test (FORT). Serum hsCRP was determined by an ultra-sensitive method (hsCRP). Markedly elevated oxidative stress (≥400 FORT Units) was found in 77.0% of OC-users and 1.6% of non-OC-users, odds ratio (OR) = 209, 95% CI = 60.9–715.4, p < 0.001. Elevated hsCRP levels ≥ 2.0 mg/L, considered risky for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), were found in 41.0% of OC-users and 9.5% of non-OC-users, OR = 6.6, 95%CI 3.5–12.4, p < 0.001. Hydroperoxides were strongly positively correlated to hsCRP in all women (r_s = 0.622, p < 0.001), in OC-users (r_s = 0.442, p < 0.001), and in non-OC-users (r_s = 0.426, p < 0.001). Women with hydroperoxides ≥ 400 FORT Units were eight times as likely to have hsCRP ≥ 2 mg/L. In non-OC-users only, hydroperoxides values were positively correlated with weight and body mass index, but negatively correlated with red meat, fish and chocolate consumption. Our research is the first finding a strong positive correlation of serum hydroperoxides with hsCRP, a marker of low-grade chronic inflammation, in young healthy women. Further research is needed to elucidate the potential role of these two biomarkers in OC-use associated side-effects, like thromboembolism and other CVDs.

【 授权许可】

Unknown