Suppression of Endogenous Glucose Production by Isoleucine and Valine and Impact of Diet Composition

Nutrients

Roger Gutiérrez-Juárez¹  Ya Su¹  Isabel Arrieta-Cruz² 

[1] Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;National Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Periférico Sur No. 2767, Col. San Jerónimo Lídice. Del. Magdalena Contreras, Mexico City 10200, Mexico;

关键词: branched-chain amino acids;    leucine;    isoleucine;    valine;    glucose metabolism;    nutrient sensing;    hypothalamus;    liver;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu8020079

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Leucine has been shown to acutely inhibit hepatic glucose production in rodents by a mechanism requiring its metabolism to acetyl-CoA in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH). In the early stages, all branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are metabolized by a shared set of enzymes to produce a ketoacid, which is later metabolized to acetyl-CoA. Consequently, isoleucine and valine may also modulate glucose metabolism. To examine this possibility we performed intrahypothalamic infusions of isoleucine or valine in rats and assessed whole body glucose kinetics under basal conditions and during euglycemic pancreatic clamps. Furthermore, because high fat diet (HFD) consumption is known to interfere with central glucoregulation, we also asked whether the action of BCAAs was affected by HFD. We fed rats a lard-rich diet for a short interval and examined their response to central leucine. The results showed that both isoleucine and valine individually lowered blood glucose by decreasing liver glucose production. Furthermore, the action of the BCAA leucine was markedly attenuated by HFD feeding. We conclude that all three BCAAs centrally modulate glucose metabolism in the liver and that their action is disrupted by HFD-induced insulin resistance.

【 授权许可】

Unknown