Proposed guidelines to evaluate scientific validity and evidence for genotype-based dietary advice

Genes & Nutrition

Lynnette R. Ferguson¹  Laurence D. Parnell²  Michael Fenech³  Fabio Virgili⁴  Igor Bendik⁵  Peter Weber⁵  Wim H. M. Saris⁶  Cyril F. M. Marsaux⁶  Iwona Traczyk⁷  Santiago Navas-Carretero⁸  Fermin Milagro⁸  Ingrid M. F. Gjelstad⁹  Anette S. Karlsen⁹  Ahmed El-Sohemy^1,10  Keith A. Grimaldi^1,11  Julie Lovegrove^1,12  Anna L. Macready^1,12  Rosalind Fallaize^1,12  John C. Mathers^1,13  Carlos Celis-Morales^1,13  J. Alfredo Martinez^1,14  Henk van Kranen^1,15  Jose M. Ordovas^1,16  Susan J. Fairweather-Tait^1,17  Helen M. Roche^1,18  Hannelore Daniel^1,19  Silvia Kolossa^1,19  Ben van Ommen^2,20  Lars Verschuren^2,20  Elisa Cirillo^2,20  Brenda de Kok^2,20  Jildau Bouwman^2,20  Eileen R. Gibney^2,21  Mike Gibney^2,21  Lorraine Brennan^2,21  Jim Kaput^2,22 

[1] ACSRC and Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland;Agriculture Research Service, USDA, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging;CSIRO Health and Biosecurity;Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Food and Nutrition Research Centre, (CREA - AN);DSM Nutritional Products;Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre + (MUMC+);Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty on Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw;Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra;Department of Nutrition, Universitetet i Oslo;Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto;Eurogenetica Ltd;Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading;Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University;IMDEA Alimentacion;Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht;JMUSDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University;Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia;Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Institute of Food and Health/UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin;Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München;TNO;UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin;Vydiant Inc;

关键词: Genotype;    Dietary advice;    Gene-environment interaction;    Nutrigenetics;    Personalised nutrition;    Framework;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12263-017-0584-0

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Nutrigenetic research examines the effects of inter-individual differences in genotype on responses to nutrients and other food components, in the context of health and of nutrient requirements. A practical application of nutrigenetics is the use of personal genetic information to guide recommendations for dietary choices that are more efficacious at the individual or genetic subgroup level relative to generic dietary advice. Nutrigenetics is unregulated, with no defined standards, beyond some commercially adopted codes of practice. Only a few official nutrition-related professional bodies have embraced the subject, and, consequently, there is a lack of educational resources or guidance for implementation of the outcomes of nutrigenetic research. To avoid misuse and to protect the public, personalised nutrigenetic advice and information should be based on clear evidence of validity grounded in a careful and defensible interpretation of outcomes from nutrigenetic research studies. Evidence requirements are clearly stated and assessed within the context of state-of-the-art ‘evidence-based nutrition’. We have developed and present here a draft framework that can be used to assess the strength of the evidence for scientific validity of nutrigenetic knowledge and whether ‘actionable’. In addition, we propose that this framework be used as the basis for developing transparent and scientifically sound advice to the public based on nutrigenetic tests. We feel that although this area is still in its infancy, minimal guidelines are required. Though these guidelines are based on semi-quantitative data, they should stimulate debate on their utility. This framework will be revised biennially, as knowledge on the subject increases.

【 授权许可】

Unknown