Natural Hosts and Genetic Diversity of the Emerging Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus in Spain

Frontiers in Microbiology

Pedro Gómez¹  María Pilar Rabadán¹  Miguel Juárez²  Luis Díaz Martínez³  Ana Grande-Pérez³  Monia Tayahi⁴ 

[1] Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Departamento Biología del Estrés y Patología Vegetal, Murcia, Spain;Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain;Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Área de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Málaga, Spain;Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Immunology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia;

关键词: begomovirus;    genetic diversity;    molecular epidemiology;    host range;    ToLCNDV;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmicb.2019.00140

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Knowledge about the host range and genetic structure of emerging plant viruses provides insights into fundamental ecological and evolutionary processes, and from an applied perspective, facilitates the design and implementation of sustainable disease control measures. Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is an emerging whitefly transmitted begomovirus that is rapidly spreading and inciting economically important diseases in cucurbit crops of the Mediterranean basin. Genetic characterization of the ToLCNDV Mediterranean populations has shown that they are monophyletic in cucurbit plants. However, the extent to which other alternative (cultivated and wild) hosts may affect ToLCNDV genetic population structure and virus prevalence remains unknown. In this study a total of 683 samples from 13 cultivated species, and 203 samples from 24 wild species from three major cucurbit-producing areas of Spain (Murcia, Alicante and Castilla-La Mancha) from five cropping seasons (2012–2016) were analyzed for ToLCNDV infection. Except for watermelon, ToLCNDV was detected in all cultivated-cucurbit species as well as in tomato. Among weeds, Ecballium elaterium, Datura stramonium, Sonchus oleraceus, and Solanum nigrum were identified as alternative ToLCNDV plant hosts, which could act as new potential sources of virus inoculum. Furthermore, we performed full-genome deep-sequencing of 80 ToLCNDV isolates from different hosts, location and cropping year. Our phylogenetic analysis supports a Mediterranean virus population that is genetically very homogeneous, with no clustering pattern, and clearly different from Asian virus populations. Additionally, D. stramonium displayed higher levels of within-host genetic diversity than cultivated plants, and this variability appeared to increase with time. These results suggest that the potential ToLCNDV adaptive evolution occurring in wild plant hosts could serve as a source of virus genetic variability, thereby affecting the genetic structure and spatial-temporal dynamics of the viral population.

【 授权许可】

Unknown