Food Insecurity Is Associated with Low Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Adverse Health Conditions in Portuguese Adults

Frontiers in Public Health

Helena Canhão¹  Rute Dinis de Sousa³  Maria João Gregório³  Pedro Graça⁶  Ana M. Rodrigues⁷  Jaime C. Branco⁸  Sara S. Dias^1,10 

[1] 0Serviço Reumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central-HSM, Lisboa, Portugal;EpiDoC Unit, Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC) da NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (NMS/UNL), Lisboa, Portugal;EpiSaúde Scientific Association, Évora, Portugal;Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal;Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal;Programa Nacional para a Promoção da Alimentação Saudável, Direção-Geral da Saúde, Lisboa, Portugal;Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisboa, Portugal;Serviço de Reumatologia do Hospital Egas Moniz – Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental (CHLO-E.P.E.), Lisboa, Portugal;Sociedade Portuguesa de Reumatologia, Lisboa, Portugal;Unidade de Investigação em Saúde (UI), Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal;

关键词: economic crisis;    food insecurity;    Mediterranean diet;    non-communicable diseases;    health-related quality of life;    health resources consumption;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2018.00038

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundFood insecurity is a limited or uncertain access to the adequate food and is a significant public health problem. We aimed to assess determinants of food insecurity and the corresponding health impact in Portugal, a southern European country that faced a severe economic crisis.MethodsData were derived from the Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases Cohort Study (EpiDoC), a population-based cohort of 10,661 individuals that were representative of the Portuguese adult population and followed since 2011. A cross-sectional analysis of the third wave of evaluation (EpiDoC 3) was performed between 2015 and 2016. Food insecurity was assessed with the household food insecurity psychometric scale. Socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD), self-reported non-communicable disease, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (EQ-5D-3L), physical function (HAQ score), and health resource consumption information was also collected.ResultsThe estimated proportion of food insecurity was 19.3% among a total of 5,653 participants. Food insecure households had low adherence to the MD (OR = 0.44; 95% IC 0.31–0.62). In addition, diabetes (OR = 1.69; 95% IC 1.20–2.40), rheumatic disease (OR = 1.67; 95% IC 1.07–2.60), and depression symptoms (OR = 1.50; 95% IC 1.09–2.06) were independently associated with food insecurity. On average, food insecure households had a lower HRQoL (OR = 0.18; 95% IC 0.11–0.31) and a higher disability (OR = 2.59; 95% IC 2.04–3.29). A significantly higher proportion of food insecure households reported being hospitalized (OR = 1.57; 95% IC 1.18–2.07) and had more public hospital medical appointments (OR = 1.48; 95% IC 1.12–1.94) in the previous 12 months.ConclusionWe found that food insecurity is highly prevalent in Portugal. Food insecurity was associated with low adherence to the MD, non-communicable chronic diseases, lower quality of life, and higher health resource consumption. Therefore, this study provides valuable insight into the relationship between food security and the diet and health of the population during an economic crisis.

【 授权许可】

Unknown