Optimization of multifaceted factorials for maximum extraction of polyphenols, phenolic acids and flavonoids from lemon peel (Citrus limon) using response surface methodology

Fundamental and Applied Agriculture

Mansor Hakiman¹  Jaafar Juju Nakasha¹  Sharin Ab Ghani²  Zainol Haida³ 

[1] Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.;High Voltage Engineering Research Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia, Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia.;Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.;

关键词: citrus limon;    response surface methodology;    polyphenol;    phenolic acid;    flavonoid;   

DOI  :  10.5455/faa.99862

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

One of the most important Citrus species is Citrus limon (Rutaceae), also known as lemon. Phenolic acids, flavonoids, amino acids, carbs, and vitamins could be found throughout the entire lemon fruit, including the peel, seed, and pulp. However, lemon peel, a by-product of the lemon, is never fully utilised and is constantly discarded. The lemon peel was employed in this work to optimise the quantity of polyphenols, phenolic acids, and flavonoids utilising response surface methodology (RSM). A central composite design (CCD) was used in this study, and factors including ethanol concentration (70–90%), extraction temperature (45–65°C), and extraction duration (80–120 minutes) were examined. Based on the results obtained, ethanol concentrations and extraction temperatures were significantly affected the total polyphenols, phenolic acids and flavonoids content. However, the experimental data was adequately fitted with the second-order polynomial models. Based on the multi-responses optimized extraction conditions were as follows: 85.77%, 65°C and 120 minutes for ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and extraction time, respectively. This optimized condition could be useful for phenolics extraction from lemon peel. [Fundam Appl Agric 2022; 7(1.000): 21-30]

【 授权许可】

Unknown