Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: The New Frontier for the Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Applied Sciences

Giuseppina Di Giacomo¹  Vincenzo Denaro¹  Claudia Cicione¹  Fabrizio Russo¹  Gianluca Vadal๠ Rocco Papalia¹  Luca Ambrosio¹  Veronica Tilotta¹ 

[1] Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus BioMedico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy;

关键词: extracellular vesicles;    exosomes;    mesenchymal stem cells;    miRNA;    low back pain;    intervertebral disc degeneration;   

DOI  :  10.3390/app112311222

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most frequent symptoms associated with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and affects more than 80% of the population, with strong psychosocial and economic impacts. The main cause of IDD is a reduction in the proteoglycan content within the nucleus pulposus (NP), eventually leading to the loss of disc hydration, microarchitecture, biochemical and mechanical properties. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has recently arisen as a promising therapy for IDD. According to numerous reports, MSCs mediate their regenerative and immunomodulatory effects mainly through paracrine mechanisms. Recent studies have suggested that extracellular vesicles (EVs) extracted from MSCs may be a promising alternative to cell therapy in regenerative medicine. EVs, including exosomes and microvesicles, are secreted by almost all cell types and have a fundamental role in intercellular communication. Early results have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of MSCs-derived EVs for the treatment of IDD through the promotion of tissue regeneration, cell proliferation, reduction in apoptosis and modulation of the inflammatory response. The aim of this review is to focus on the biological properties, function, and regulatory properties of different signaling pathways of MSCs-derived exosomes, highlighting their potential applicability as an alternative cell-free therapy for IDD.

【 授权许可】

Unknown