A Review on the Kinetics of Iron Ore Reduction by Hydrogen

Materials

Niusha Niknahad¹  Aidin Heidari²  Timo Fabritius²  Mikko Iljana² 

[1]Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 1458889694, Iran

[2]Process Metallurgy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland

关键词: hydrogen;    green steelmaking;    kinetics;    ironmaking;    iron ore;    reduction;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ma14247540

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

A clean energy revolution is occurring across the world. As iron and steelmaking have a tremendous impact on the amount of CO₂ emissions, there is an increasing attraction towards improving the green footprint of iron and steel production. Among reducing agents, hydrogen has shown a great potential to be replaced with fossil fuels and to decarbonize the steelmaking processes. Although hydrogen is in great supply on earth, extracting pure H₂ from its compound is costly. Therefore, it is crucial to calculate the partial pressure of H₂ with the aid of reduction reaction kinetics to limit the costs. This review summarizes the studies of critical parameters to determine the kinetics of reduction. The variables considered were temperature, iron ore type (magnetite, hematite, goethite), H₂/CO ratio, porosity, flow rate, the concentration of diluent (He, Ar, N₂), gas utility, annealing before reduction, and pressure. In fact, increasing temperature, H₂/CO ratio, hydrogen flow rate and hematite percentage in feed leads to a higher reduction rate. In addition, the controlling kinetics models and the impact of the mentioned parameters on them investigated and compared, concluding chemical reaction at the interfaces and diffusion of hydrogen through the iron oxide particle are the most common kinetics controlling models.

【 授权许可】

Unknown