Hormonal Effects on Hair Follicles

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Katarzyna Smolarczyk¹  Monika Grymowicz²  Ewa Rudnicka²  Roman Smolarczyk²  Paulina Napierala³  Agnieszka Podfigurna³  Blazej Meczekalski³ 

[1] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Warsaw, 4822 Warsaw, Poland;Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, 4822 Warsaw, Poland;Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4861 Poznan, Poland;

关键词: hormones;    hair follicle;    hair growth;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms21155342

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The hair cycle and hair follicle structure are highly affected by various hormones. Androgens—such as testosterone (T); dihydrotestosterone (DHT); and their prohormones, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and androstendione (A)—are the key factors in terminal hair growth. They act on sex-specific areas of the body, converting small, straight, fair vellus hairs into larger darker terminal hairs. They bind to intracellular androgen receptors in the dermal papilla cells of the hair follicle. The majority of hair follicles also require the intracellular enzyme 5-alpha reductase to convert testosterone into DHT. Apart from androgens, the role of other hormones is also currently being researched—e.g., estradiol can significantly alter the hair follicle growth and cycle by binding to estrogen receptors and influencing aromatase activity, which is responsible for converting androgen into estrogen (E2). Progesterone, at the level of the hair follicle, decreases the conversion of testosterone into DHT. The influence of prolactin (PRL) on hair growth has also been intensively investigated, and PRL and PRL receptors were detected in human scalp skin. Our review includes results from many analyses and provides a comprehensive up-to-date understanding of the subject of the effects of hormonal changes on the hair follicle.

【 授权许可】

Unknown