Severe human pressures in the Sundaland biodiversity hotspot

Conservation Science and Practice

James R. Allan¹  Kendall R. Jones¹  James E. M. Watson¹  David P. Edwards²  Frank E. Rheindt³  Luis R. Carrasco³  Megha Verma³  William S. Symes³  Oscar Venter⁴ 

[1] Centre for Conservation and Biodiversity Science The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia;Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield Sheffield UK;Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore;Natural Resource and Environmental Studies Institute University of Northern British Columbia Prince George British Columbia Canada;

关键词: biodiversity;    cumulative pressure;    extinction;    human footprint;    IUCN protected areas;    IUCN Red List;   

DOI  :  10.1111/csp2.169

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract We assess the magnitude and the extent of recent change of significant human footprint within protected areas, key biodiversity areas and the habitat range of 308 lowland forest specialist birds in Sundaland, a global hotspot of biodiversity in Southeast Asia. Using the most recent human footprint dataset, we find that 70% of Sundaland has been heavily modified by humans. This represents a 55% increase in areas under intense human pressure since 1993. Areas under intense human pressure covered on average 50% of the extent of key biodiversity areas, 78% of each protected area and 38% of the range of lowland forest specialist birds. The results imply that the actual level of protection by protected areas is only one‐third to half of that on paper once human footprint is accounted for. While all protected areas were impacted by human pressures, those managed strictly for biodiversity conservation presented the largest increases. These results highlight an exceptionally high human footprint across Sundaland and an impending further deepening of the biodiversity crisis across the region.

【 授权许可】

Unknown