Biotransforming the Spent Substrate of Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinula edodes Berk.): A Synergistic Approach to Biogas Production and Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Fertilization

Horticulturae

Pankaj Kumar¹  Vinod Kumar¹  Ebrahem M. Eid²  Mostafa A. Taher²  Dhafer A. Al-Bakre³  Hanan E. M. Osman⁴  Mohamed H. E. El-Morsy⁵  Kyung Sook Choi⁶  Bashir Adelodun⁷  Sami Abou Fayssal⁸  Fidelis O. Ajibade⁹  Madhumita Goala^1,10  Valentino Držaić^1,11  Ivan Širić^1,11  Boro Mioč^1,11 

[1] Agro-Ecology and Pollution Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar 249404, Uttarakhand, India;Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia;Biology Department, College of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia;Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, Makkah 24243, Saudi Arabia;Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24243, Saudi Arabia;Department of Agricultural Civil Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin 240103, Nigeria;Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Forestry, 10 Kliment Ohridski Blvd, 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure 340001, Nigeria;Nehru College, Pailapool, Affiliated Assam University, Cachar, Silchar 788098, Assam, India;University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;

关键词: circular economy;    crop fertilization;    greenhouse gas emissions;    spent mushroom substrates;    vegetable production;   

DOI  :  10.3390/horticulturae8060479

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Agro-wastes, such as crop residues, leaf litter, and sawdust, are major contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions, and consequently a major concern for climate change. Nowadays, mushroom cultivation has appeared as an emerging agribusiness that helps in the sustainable management of agro-wastes. However, partial utilization of agro-wastes by mushrooms results in the generation of a significant quantity of spent mushroom substrates (SMS) that have continued to become an environmental problem. In particular, Shiitake (Lentinula edodes Berk.) mushrooms can be grown on different types of agro-wastes and also generate a considerable amount of SMS. Therefore, this study investigates the biotransformation of SMS obtained after Shiitake mushroom cultivation into biogas and attendant utilization of slurry digestate (SD) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crop fertilization. Biogas production experiments were conducted anaerobically using four treatments of SMS, i.e., 0% (control), 25, 50, and 75% inoculated with a proportional amount of cow dung (CD) as inoculum. The results on biogas production revealed that SMS 50% treatment yielded the highest biogas volume (8834 mL or 11.93 mL/g of organic carbon) and methane contents (61%) along with maximum reduction of physicochemical and proximate parameters of slurry. Furthermore, the biogas digestate from 50% treatment further helped to increase the seed germination (93.25%), seedling length (9.2 cm), seedling root length (4.19 cm), plant height (53.10 cm), chlorophyll content (3.38 mg/g), total yield (1.86 kg/plant), flavonoids (5.06 mg/g), phenolics (2.78 mg/g), and tannin (3.40 mg/g) contents of tomato significantly (p < 0.05) in the 10% loading rate. The findings of this study suggest sustainable upcycling of SMS inspired by a circular economy approach through synergistic production of bioenergy and secondary fruit crops, which could potentially contribute to minimize the carbon footprints of the mushroom production sector.

【 授权许可】

Unknown