Drinking Water Quality Characterization and Heavy Metal Analysis in Springs of Dewan Gorah, District Palandri, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

International Journal of Economic and Environment Geology

Fahad Majeed¹  Asma Jamil¹  Zaibullah¹  Danial Zahid¹  Tahseenullah Khan¹ 

[1] Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan;

关键词: Springs;    water quality;    microbial identification;    heavy metals;    health risks;    palandri;    AJK;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Inthisstudy,waterqualityandmicrobialcharacterizationsoffreshwaterspringsofunioncouncil Dewangorah,Palandri,AJKhavebeenstudied.SamplingwasdonefromJanuarytoOctober2017, fromfifteendifferentlocationsofstudyarea,whichareadrinkingwatersourcefornativesofthearea.Watersampleswerecollectedinsterilizedglassbottlesforphysicochemicalandmicrobialanalysisandincleanplasticbottlesforheavymetals analysis from various locations. Various physiochemical parameters including pH, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Conductivity,Chlorides(Cl-),Fluorides(F-),ChemicalOxygenDemand(COD),hardnessandalkalinitywere measuredbystandardmethods.HeavymetalsconcentrationsincludingArsenic(As),Chromium(Cr),Copper(Cu),Iron(Fe),Lead(Pb)andNickel(Ni)wereevaluatedusingatomicabsorptionspectroscopy.ItwasfoundthatconcentrationofPbandCrwere abovepermissiblelimitsofWHOatalllocations.Standard platecount(SPC)was usedtodeterminetotalviablecountandtotalcoliformcountsinwatersamples.Variousbacterialcolonieswere isolatedfromwatersamplesand characterizedbyperforming differentbiochemicaltestsincluding Gramstaining,Catalase,OxidaseandCitrateutilizationtests.ResultsshowedthatvariousphysicochemicalparametersuchaspH,TDS, Cl-, F-, COD and heavy metals including As, Cu, Fe were within World Health Organization (WHO) standards. WhilevaluesforconductivityoffewsampleswereabovepermissiblelimitsofWHO.Thecalculationsforhuman healthriskshowedthatheavymetalsatpresentlevelsare notposing athreattothe population. Microbialanalysisshowed that water samples contain different pathogenic bacteria like E. coli, Salmolella spp., shigellaspp etc. and are not fit for drinking purposes. The quality of drinking water of Dewangorah must be monitored by regulatory authorities and further research is required to identify the sources of water contamination and its mitigation.

【 授权许可】

Unknown