Experimental Francis Turbine Cavitation Performances of a Hydro-Energy Plant

Sustainability

Wen-Tao Su¹  Maxime Binama¹  Jian-Ying Huang²  Xue-Ren Chen²  Wei Zhao³  Yue Zhao³ 

[1] College of Petroleum Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, China;Fujian Shuikou Power Generation Group Co., Ltd., Fuzhou 350004, China;State Key Laboratory of Hydro-Power Equipment, Harbin Institute of Large Electric Machinery, Harbin 150040, China;

关键词: Francis turbine;    cavitation;    high speed visualization;    acoustic performance;    hydraulic stability;   

DOI  :  10.3390/su14063263

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

An investigation is conducted on the Francis turbine’s cavitation characteristics and its influence on system hydraulic stability using two experimental methods, namely the flow visualization and acoustic emission methods. The investigated turbine is of Francis type with a 15-blade runner and has a specific speed of 202 rpm and a rated head of 30 m. Having tested the machine under a wide range of cavitation conditions, the gap cavitation is the earliest to develop as the cavitation coefficient gradually decreases and has no obvious effect on the machine’s external performance characteristics. The airfoil cavitation follows and causes the increase and decrease in machine flow rate and head, respectively, showing its drag reduction effect, where, at the same time, the pressure pulsation amplitude gets to its peak value. There is also the formation of constant cavitation zones and the involvement of an unsteady surge close to the wall of the draft tube’s cone. Pushing the cavitation coefficient to even lower values, there is the formation of an annular cavitation zone, accompanied by a sharp drop in cone pressure pulsation amplitudes while the former drag reduction effect disappears. The trend of noise is basically the same as that of pressure fluctuation, which confirms its trustworthiness when it comes to cavitation occurrence detection within Francis turbines.

【 授权许可】

Unknown