Advanced Nickel-Based Catalysts for Urea Oxidation Reaction: Challenges and Developments

Catalysts

Yingche Wang¹  Yaming Ma¹  Chenxiang Ma¹  Ke Wang² 

[1] Xi’an Institute of Electromechanical Information Technology, Xi’an 710075, China;Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;

关键词: nickel-based catalysts;    urea oxidation reaction;    direct urea fuel cells;    energy conversion;    nanocomposites;   

DOI  :  10.3390/catal12030337

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The electrochemical urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is crucial for determining industrial and commercial applications of urea-based energy conversion devices. However, the performance of UOR is limited by the dynamic complex of the six-electron transfer process. To this end, it is essential to develop efficient UOR catalysts. Nickel-based materials have been extensively investigated owing to their high activity, easy modification, stable properties, and cheap and abundant reserves. Various material designs and strategies have been investigated in producing highly efficient UOR catalysts including alloying, doping, heterostructure construction, defect engineering, micro functionalization, conductivity modulation, etc. It is essential to promptly review the progress in this field to significantly inspire subsequent studies. In this review, we summarized a comprehensive investigation of the mechanisms of oxidation or poisoning and UOR processes on nickel-based catalysts as well as different approaches to prepare highly active catalysts. Moreover, challenges and prospects for future developments associated with issues of UOR in urea-based energy conversion applications were also discussed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown