Oxygen-Carrying Micro/Nanobubbles: Composition, Synthesis Techniques and Potential Prospects in Photo-Triggered Theranostics

Molecules

JongWook Hong¹  Hyung-Jun Koo²  Kyobum Kim³  MuhammadSaad Khan⁴  Kyungwoo Lee⁴  Yonghyun Choi⁴  Jangsun Hwang⁴  Jonghoon Choi⁴ 

[1] Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea;Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea;School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea;

关键词: microbubbles;    nanobubbles;    photoacoustic imaging;    ultrasonic imaging;    reactive oxygen species (ROS);    oxygen delivery;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules23092210

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Microbubbles and nanobubbles (MNBs) can be prepared using various shells, such as phospholipids, polymers, proteins, and surfactants. MNBs contain gas cores due to which they are echogenic and can be used as contrast agents for ultrasonic and photoacoustic imaging. These bubbles can be engineered in various sizes as vehicles for gas and drug delivery applications with novel properties and flexible structures. Hypoxic areas in tumors develop owing to an imbalance of oxygen supply and demand. In tumors, hypoxic regions have shown more resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and photodynamic therapies. The efficacy of photodynamic therapy depends on the effective accumulation of photosensitizer drug in tumors and the availability of oxygen in the tumor to generate reactive oxygen species. MNBs have been shown to reverse hypoxic conditions, degradation of hypoxia inducible factor 1α protein, and increase tissue oxygen levels. This review summarizes the synthesis methods and shell compositions of micro/nanobubbles and methods deployed for oxygen delivery. Methods of functionalization of MNBs, their ability to deliver oxygen and drugs, incorporation of photosensitizers and potential application of photo-triggered theranostics, have also been discussed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown