Strongyloidiasis in Southern Alicante (Spain): Comparative Retrospective Study of Autochthonous and Imported Cases

Pathogens

Elisa García-Vazquez¹  MaríaIsabel Pacheco-Tenza²  Belén Martínez López³  María García López³  Joan Gregori Colomé³  Jara Llenas-García³  Ana Lucas Dato³  Inmaculada González Cuello³  Emilio Borrajo Brunete⁴  María Navarro Cots⁴  JoséMaría Saugar⁵  JoséAntonio Ruiz-Maciá⁶ 

[1] Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain;Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Vega Baja, 03314 Orihuela, Spain;Microbiology Department, Hospital Vega Baja, 03314 Orihuela, Spain;Parasitology Department, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto Carlos III, 28903 Madrid, Spain;Pathological Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain;

关键词: Strongyloides stercoralis;    strongyloidiasis;    immigrants;    immunosuppression;    eosinophilia;    ivermectin;   

DOI  :  10.3390/pathogens9080601

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic disease with global prevalence. In Spain, autochthonous cases are concentrated in the Mediterranean basin. We aimed to analyze clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Vega Baja del Segura (Spain), comparing autochthonous versus imported cases. Methods: Observational retrospective study of all strongyloidiasis cases from January 2009 to January 2019. Cases were diagnosed by stool larvae visualization, positive culture, PCR, Strongyloides serology, and/or compatible histology. Results: We included 36 patients (21 men) with a mean age of 60.8 years ±17.6; 15 cases were autochthonous and 21 imported 80.9% from Latin America. Autochthonous cases were associated with older age (mean 71.3 vs 53.3 years; p = 0.002), male sex (odds ratio (OR) 5.33; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15–24.68; p = 0.041), and agricultural activity (OR 13.5; 95% CI 2.4–73.7; p = 0.002). Fourteen were asymptomatic, three autochthonous cases presented with hyperinfection syndrome, and two patients died. There was no difference between autochthonous versus imported origin in eosinophilia at diagnosis (93.3% vs 75%; p = 0.207), treatment received, or clinical response (85.7% vs 88.9% cured; p = 1). Conclusion: In our region, imported strongyloidiasis coexists with autochthonous cases, which are mainly in older male farmers who are diagnosed at more advanced stages. Systematic screening programs are needed.

【 授权许可】

Unknown